What is Biostatistics? (Definition & Meaning)

Statistics is the scientific art of learning from data, analyzing the data and driving a useful conclusion from numerical outcomes about the real-life problems by measuring, controlling, and communicating uncertainty thus it provides the essentials of navigation for controlling and manipulating scientific advances.Biostat prime allows researchers to perform various types biostatistical analysis to draw meaning conclusions from your data

How do we define Biostatistics?

Biostatistics is the application of statistical principles in the field of healthcare, biological & medical science that is when the data to be analyzed is driven from biological science and medicine. This encompasses the design of research, collection, and organization of data and summation of results, and interpretation of findings.

Biostatistics allows us to interpret various results from it and forecast many possibilities. Biostatistics deals with facts, observations and information which are in the form of numeric data only. With the help of Biostatistics, researchers can find various measures of central tendencies and the deviation of different values from the center. Biostatistics plays a crucial role in guiding decision-making processes, evaluating the effectiveness of medical treatments, and assessing public health interventions.

Some Basic Biostatistical concepts

Data

The statistical raw material or a collection of information gathered by observations, measurements, research, or analysis drawn from biology, medicine, and public health science. This type of data is typically generated from studies or research in biology, medicine, and public health. Biostatistical data can come from various sources, including clinical trials, observational studies, surveys, experiments, and epidemiological investigations.

Variable

A variable is a named unit of data that is assigned a value or can take up different values or a particular character on which a set of data is recorded. The value of the variable is data collected over various experimentations. Before a study is undertaken it is important to consider the nature of the variables that are to be recorded as it will influence the way observations are taken and summarized and the choice of statistical tests that will be used.

Types of variables

Population

The group of individuals, items, or observations that share a common characteristic and are the subject of study is referred to as population. The population is the complete set from which a sample is drawn.

Sample

Sample is the subset of population which helps to gather information about the population without having to study every single element within it. By analyzing a representative sample, researchers can make inferences and draw conclusions about the entire population.

Types of Statistics

Descriptive statistics

Descriptive statistics imply summarizing a raw data set obtained from a sample or population through the given observations & presenting data using tables, graphs, and summary measures like Mean or Standard deviation.

Types of Descriptive Statistics

Measure of central tendency

Central tendencies are the mean, median and mode of the data.

Measure of dispersion

Range, Variance, Standard Deviation are measures of dispersion. The measures of central tendency do not suffice to describe the complete information about the given Data. Therefore, the variability is described by a value called the measure of dispersion. The spread, or variability, of a data series can be readily described by the range, that is the interval between minimum and maximum values.

Frequency distribution

The frequency measurement displays the number of times a particular data occurs. Many times, it is useful to summarize a set of raw numbers with a frequency distribution. The summary may be in the form of a table or a graph.

Inferential statistics

The inferential statistics are used to interpret the meaning of descriptive statistics after the data has been collected, analyzed, and summarized, that is inferential statistics describe the meaning of collected data. Inferential statistics deliberated to test hypotheses and evaluate relationships between variables. The probability distribution principle is used in inferential statistics to assess whether trends contained in the research sample can be generalized to the larger population from which the sample originally comes and draw conclusions and inferences, i.e., to make valid generalizations from samples.